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5 things you need to know about renewable energy

Author: Hou

Jul. 14, 2025

Energy

5 things you need to know about renewable energy

Charley Daitch is the director of Energy and Water Strategy at Amazon Web Services (AWS). His team helps plan, engineer, develop, and build our data centers and other physical infrastructure around the world. Daitch’s team is responsible for connecting data centers to the power grid and utility water systems—and ensuring that those resources come from sustainable sources.According to Daitch, here are five things you might not know about how renewable energy—energy produced from natural sources that won’t run out—is brought onto the grid, and the role Amazon is playing in this effort in the U.S. and worldwide.

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A wind farm in California can supply clean energy for data centers in eastern Oregon.

1A wind farm in California can supply clean energy for data centers in eastern Oregon.2Bringing a renewable project online requires more than just cool, new technology. It’s also about the right economics, regulations, and policies.3Developing renewable energy projects can be risky and expensive. Amazon enables new wind and solar projects by committing to buying their energy before they’re even built.4Every location requires a slightly different solution.5In many places, grids aren’t ready for the renewable energy that’s due to come online.1.A wind farm in California can supply clean energy for data centers in eastern Oregon.

Being 100% renewable doesn’t mean you’re plugged directly into a wind or solar farm. The reality is that it takes a mix of technologies to reach 100% renewable energy. Solar panels on buildings can help capture the power of the sun, while so-called “off-site” projects, such as wind and solar farms, take advantage of windier and sunnier locations spread over wide areas and so they can generate much larger amounts of clean energy. Connecting these projects to the grid, which can span multiple states, makes it possible for a wind farm in California to supply clean energy for our data centers in eastern Oregon. The grid will need continued build out to connect all the renewable energy projects set to come online in the U.S. (more on this later). A robust power grid is essential to enabling large-scale energy users like Amazon to optimize how we locate and scale renewable energy.

2.Bringing a renewable project online requires more than just cool, new technology. It’s also about the right economics, regulations, and policies.

Renewable energy is about more than solar farms that can be built on top of fisheries or awe-inspiring rows of wind turbines along a horizon. It’s also about dollars and cents, such as tariffs and contracts—in other words, who can buy what, from whom, for how much, and who pays for it? Aside from the physical infrastructure that transports energy from the wind farm where it’s generated to the grid, we must navigate a system of regulations, state and federal laws, and rates. These laws and regulations can vary from state to state, and some areas may not have a system in place to accommodate renewables at scale.

Take Virginia, where AWS, and the entire data center industry, has its largest presence in the world. We worked with regulators and utilities to create a new tariff structure for corporate companies to be able to buy clean energy directly from renewable energy projects, where such structures previously didn’t exist. Once a tariff like that is set up, it’s open to other large customers, unlocking opportunities for other companies to follow suit. In eastern Oregon, we recently partnered with Umatilla Electric Cooperative—the utility serving our data centers in the area—to create a first-of-its-kind deal structure in the state that allows us to take on the responsibility of selecting the energy supply that powers our data centers, including from renewable energy sources. By creating a new structure where we can select our own power supply, and buy more renewable energy than we might have received under the previous arrangement, we’re showing other companies and organizations that staying on path to meeting sustainability commitments is possible everywhere.

3.Developing renewable energy projects can be risky and expensive. Amazon enables new wind and solar projects by committing to buying their energy before they’re even built.

In the past, utility companies built wind and solar farms with public funding. The way Amazon enables most of the large-scale renewable projects we’ve announced around the world is through a contract called a power purchase agreement (PPA). In a PPA, we make a commitment to buy the electricity a renewable energy project will produce over a long period of time, usually more than 10 years. This allows the developer to raise funds, purchase equipment, and ultimately construct the project, bringing more renewable energy to electricity grids around the world without direct costs to local energy users.

Amazon’s commitment to buying the energy is what enables these new wind and solar projects to be built.

4.Every location requires a slightly different solution.

Developing a new renewable project requires us to think precisely about the specific challenges of that particular location, as well as the existing mix of energy generation in that part of the grid. In California, for example, the grid has more solar energy in the middle of the day, but it lacks solar energy in the evening when many people are turning on their lights and air conditioning. This big jump in demand means that a grid mostly powered by solar energy during the day will switch to energy from natural gas plants later in the day. One way we’re helping to tackle this is by pairing large-scale battery storage with our solar projects. This allows our projects to store renewable energy generated during times of potential oversupply and use it later in the day when the grid needs it most—enabling the use of carbon-free electricity more often during the day.

5.In many places, grids aren’t ready for the renewable energy that’s due to come online.

In the U.S., the demand for renewable energy has grown significantly and that’s critical to meeting the carbon reduction goals set by the Biden administration and companies like Amazon. But right now, the U.S. has more clean energy projects in the pipeline than the grid can handle. More investment needs to be made in the transmission and distribution system—all the physical infrastructure that actually moves electricity from the wind farm or solar plant where it’s generated to where it can be used—to support these projects as they start to come online. As we look to the future, with more companies like Amazon investing in renewable energy at the same scale and level of utilities, we are committed to contributing ideas in this conversation. In the U.S., some states are moving forward with proposed new bills that mandate 100% clean energy use for some energy users. All of this well-intentioned effort depends on grids being able to support new renewable projects. That’s why Amazon is helping to create the right policies and incentives that will enable and encourage the much needed build-out of the transmission system.

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Additional resources:
When to Use biological deodorization equipment?Amazon recently recommended to the U.S. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission that it should require transmission providers to take a more forward-looking approach that considers a broader array of transmission needs. This would include those resulting from direct corporate purchases along with corporate and state renewable energy goals, so that homeowners and other electricity customers do not foot the bill for transmission projects to serve aging, fossil-fuel generation.

5 Benefits of Residential Solar | Department of Energy

Solar energy for residences is a hot topic, and rightfully so. The amount of solar connected to the electric grid has grown exponentially in the past several years, and there are now nearly 4 million American households that are already generating their own power with solar energy.

This clean energy source is making the electric grid more dependable while helping solar homeowners save money and improve the value of their homes. With all of this interest and so much information available, Energy Saver wants to take a moment to highlight five benefits of residential solar:

Benefit 1: Solar panels are increasingly affordable

Residential solar is more affordable than ever, especially with the extension of the federal residential solar tax credit. Taxpayers can claim a 30% tax credit on the cost of solar systems on their income taxes. But be sure to install before January 1, , when the tax credit is set to decrease to 26%.

There are also a number of different financing options to make purchasing solar systems easier and with less money upfront.  The monthly amount owed on a solar loan is typically less than an average utility bill.

Benefit 2: You can save money by going solar

Solar offers great potential to save money on your monthly utility bill, and with utility bills trending upward, solar is likely to remain a good money-saving option for years to come. The amount you save depends upon how much electricity you consume, the size of your solar energy system, and how much power it is able to generate. You may also opt for a leased, third-party owned system that allows a homeowner to host a solar energy system on their rooftop and purchase back the electricity generated at a discounted rate, which is not only is often less than utilities charge customers, but also allows electricity rates to be locked in for years.

Benefit 3: You can keep the lights on when the grid goes down

Generating your own solar power can give you the freedom to keep the lights on if there’s a disruption in power. Residential solar energy systems paired with battery storage—generally called solar-plus-storage systems—provide power regardless of the weather or the time of day without having to rely on backup power from the grid. As battery technology improves and financial incentives for energy storage go into effect, deciding to invest in battery storage makes sense for more households across the nation. 

Benefit 4: Solar will often increase the value of your home

Buying a solar energy system will likely increase your home’s value. A Berkeley National Laboratory study found that solar photovoltaic panels are viewed as upgrades, just like a renovated kitchen or a finished basement, and home buyers across the country have been willing to pay a premium for a home with an average-sized solar array. As for third-party owned systems, it appears that the impact is largely neutral but can occasionally add value, especially for prepaid leases. 

Benefit 5: Solar systems work in a variety of climates

Solar panels only need one thing to generate electricity -- sunshine! Even in the winter when there are fewer hours of daylight, there is still a sufficient amount to power the average American home. That makes solar viable even in Alaska with longer, colder winters. The U.S. Department of Energy's Solar Energy Technologies Office (SETO) is dedicated to ensuring solar panels can withstand the elements no matter your location.  SETO funds five Regional Test Centers across the country -- each in a different climate -- to make sure panels perform as best they can, regardless of climate or weather.

You do not need to own a house to go solar

Do you rent your house? Or do you live in a high-rise condo building? Not a problem. Community solar programs allow multiple people to benefit from a single, shared solar array. These arrays can be installed on your building or offsite in a different location. Purchasing costs and the installation of the solar energy system are then divided among all of the participants. All are then able to buy into the shared system at a level that best fits their budget. The portion you share can even be negotiated into the sale of your place should you move! 

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